Valence Meaning Mass Number Atomic Number of Elements Valence meaning, Valency of copper, valency of zinc, Valency of silver, Mass Number Hello learners in the online tutoring class we read chemistry chapter valency. In this chapter many questions will be answered in this lesson. Like What is valence meaning? What is Valency? We also learn about important elements valency like valency of copper, valency of zinc, valency of silver etc This is very helpful to get maximum marks relative this chapter. In this chapter we also discuss about Atomic Mass number. Because Questions related to Atomic mass number are often asked. This is a very important chapter. In addition to this, we will also study about the chemical symbol of elements. like this potassium symbol, iron symbol, oxygen symbol, lithium symbol etc. about 118 elements and their symbols. Chemical symbol is very important for studying chemistry. 

Valence meaning, Valency of copper, valency of zinc, Valency of silver, Mass Number

Valence Meaning

An atom of each element has a definite combining capacity, called its valency.
We know how the electrons in an atom are arranged in different shells/orbits. The electrons present in the outermost shell of an atom are known as the valence electrons,
From the Bohr-Bury scheme, we also know that the outermost shell of an atom can accommodate a maximum of 8 electrons. It was observed that the atoms of elements, completely filled with 8 electrons in the outermost shell show little chemical activity. In other words, their combining capacity or valency is zero. Of these inert elements, the helium atom has two electrons in its outermost shell and all other elements have atoms with eight electrons in the outermost shell.

The combining capacity of the atoms of elements, that is, their tendency to react and form molecules with atoms of the same or different elements, was thus explained as an attempt to attain a fully-filled outermost shell. An outermost-shell, which had eight electrons was said to possess an octet. Atoms would this react, so as to achieve an octet in the outermost shell. This was done by sharing, gaining or losing electrons. The number of electrons gained, lost or shared so as to make the octet of electrons in the outermost shell, gives us directly the combining capacity of the element, that is, the valency discussed in the previous chapter.
For example, hydrogen/lithium/sodium atoms contain one electron each in their outermost shell, therefore each one of them can lose one electron. So, they are said to have valency of one. Magnesium valency is two and aluminium valency is three, because magnesium has two electrons in its outermost shell and aluminium has three electrons in its outermost shell.

If the number of electrons in the outermost shell of an atom is close to its full capacity, then valency is determined in a different way. 
For example, the fluorine atom has 7 electrons in the outermost shell, and its valency could be 7. But it is easier for fluorine to gain one electron instead of losing seven electrons. Hence, its valency is determined by subtracting seven electrons from the octet and this gives you a valency of one for fluorine. Valency can be calculated in a similar manner for oxygen.
Here are table given below which show important elements symbols, mass number, atomic number and valency.