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NCERT Solutions Science for Class 8 Chapter 11 Force and Pressure

class8 science Chapter 11

NCERT Solutions Science for Class 8 Chapter 11 Force and Pressure

science for class 8 Chapter 11 question answer

1. Give two examples each of situations in which you push or pull to change the state of motion of objects.
Answer : examples each of situations in which you push or pull to change the state of motion of objects.

• Open or close the door by push or pull.
• To move forward by pushing a box.
• Dragging an animal to be taken for grazing.
• Drag the bucket of water out of the well.

2. Give two examples of situations in which applied force causes a change in the shape of an object.
Answer : examples of situations in which applied force causes a change in the shape of an object.

• Change in shape by applying force to the dough placed in the plate.
• Change in its state by stretching the rubber.

3. Fill in the blanks in the following statements.
(a) To draw water from a well we have to __________ at the rope.
(b) A charged body __________ an uncharged body towards it.
(c) To move a loaded trolley we have to __________ it.
(d) The north pole of a magnet __________the north pole of another magnet.
Answer :
(a) To draw water from a well we have to pull at the rope.
(b) A charged body attracted an uncharged body towards it.
(c) To move a loaded trolley we have to push it.
(d) The north pole of a magnet repel the north pole of another magnet.

4. An archer stretches her bow while taking aim at the target. She then releases the arrow, which begins to move towards the target. Based on this information fill up the gaps in the following statements using the following terms.
muscular, contact, non-contact, gravity, friction, shape, attraction
(a) To stretch the bow, the archer applies a force that causes a change in its __________.
(b) The force applied by the archer to stretch the bow is an example of __________ force.
(c) The type of force responsible for a change in the state of motion of the arrow is an example of a __________ force.
(d) While the arrow moves towards its target, the forces acting on it are due to __________ and that due to __________ of air.
Answer – 
(a) To stretch the bow, the archer applies a force that causes a change in its shape.
(b) The force applied by the archer to stretch the bow is an example of muscular force.
(c) The type of force responsible for a change in the state of motion of the arrow is an example of a attraction force.
(d) While the arrow moves towards its target, the forces acting on it are due to gravity and that due to friction of air.

5. In the following situations identify the agent exerting the force and the object on which it acts. State the effect of the force in each case.

	(a)	Squeezing a piece of lemon between the fingers to extract its juice.
	(b)	Taking out paste from a toothpaste tube
	(c)	A load suspended from a spring while its other end is on a hook fixed to a wall.
	(d)	An athlete making a high jump to clear the bar at a certain height.

Answer : 

	Act	Agent	Object acting on it	Effect of the force
(a)	Squeezing a piece of lemon between the fingers to extract its juice.	finger muscles	on a slice of lemon	Change in shape of lemon and release of lemon juice.
(b)	Taking out paste from a toothpaste tube	muscular force exerted by arm muscles	on the toothpaste tube	change in the shape of the toothpaste tube and paste come out
(c)	A load suspended from a spring while its other end is on a hook fixed to a wall.	The non-contact force produced by the weight of an object hanging at the other end of the spring	on hook and spring	Change in the shape of the spring.
(d)	An athlete making a high jump to clear the bar at a certain height.	extra force produced when running	force on foot	crossing the height.

6. A blacksmith hammers a hot piece of iron while making a tool. How does the force due to hammering affect the piece of iron?
Answer : When a blacksmith beats a hot piece with a hammer. Muscular force is exerted on beating. We know that muscular force is a contact force, which converts a piece of iron into a sheet.

7. An inflated balloon was pressed against a wall after it has been rubbed with a piece of synthetic cloth. It was found that the balloon sticks to the wall. What force might be responsible for the attraction between the balloon and the wall?
Answer : Electrostatic attraction force

8. Name the forces acting on a plastic bucket containing water held above ground level in your hand. Discuss why the forces acting on the bucket do not bring a change in its state of motion.
Answer : If we are hanging a bucket full of water with our hands, then the force acting on the bucket, the force of gravity by the earth and the pressure of the water in the bucket, which falls on the base of the bucket and its walls. The motion of the bucket by the hair does not change its state because the total force on the bucket is zero.

9. A rocket has been fired upwards to launch a satellite in its orbit. Name the two forces acting on the rocket immediately after leaving the launching pad.
Answer : The two forces acting on the rocket immediately after leaving the launch pad are:
(i) The gravitational force of the earth which acts downwards.
(ii) The force of friction produced by the particles of air.

10. When we press the bulb of a dropper with its nozzle kept in water, air in the dropper is seen to escape in the form of bubbles. Once we release the pressure on the bulb, water gets filled in the dropper. The rise of water in the dropper is due to

	(a)	pressure of water.
	(b)	gravity of the earth.
	(c)	shape of rubber bulb.
	(d)	atmospheric pressure.

Answer : (d) atmospheric pressure.