NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management | Science for Class 8
ncert solutions for class 8 science chapter 1 Crop Production and Management in English. Here science for class 8 We learn what is in this chapter and how to solve questions. 8 th std science
Here given all class 8 science chapter 1 question answer in easy method free. Crop Production and Management are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 science. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for class 8 science chapter 1 tell us Which crops are grown in which season in India? 8 th std science
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Ncert Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1
Science for Class 8
Crop Production and Management
1. Select the correct word from the following list and fill in the blanks.
| float, water, crop, nutrients, preparation |
(a) The same kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at a place is called _______.
(b) The first step before growing crops is _________┬аof the soil.
(c) Damaged seeds would ________ on top of water.
(d) For growing a crop, sufficient sunlight and ________ and _________ from the soil are essential.
Answer –
(a) The same kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at a place is called crop.
(b) The first step before growing crops is preparation of the soil.
(c) Damaged seeds would float on top of water.
(d) For growing a crop, sufficient sunlight and water and nutrients from the soil are essential.
2. Match items in column A with those in column B.
| A | B | ||
| (i) | Kharif crops | (a) | Food for cattle |
| (ii) | Rabi crops | (b) | Urea and super phosphate |
| (iii) | Chemical fertilisers | (c) | Animal excreta, cow dung urine and plant waste |
| (iv) | Organic manure | (d) | Wheat, gram, pea |
| ┬а | ┬а | (e) | Paddy and maize |
Answer –┬а
| A | B | ||
| (i) | Kharif crops | (a) | Paddy and maize |
| (ii) | Rabi crops | (b) | Wheat, gram, pea |
| (iii) | Chemical fertilisers | (c) | Urea and super phosphate |
| (iv) | Organic manure | (d) | Animal excreta, cow dung urine and plant waste |
| ┬а | ┬а | (e) | Food for cattle |
3. Give two examples of each.
(a) Kharif crop
(b) Rabi crop
Answer –┬а
(a) Kharif crop examples – Paddy, maize, soyabean, groundnut and cotton.
(b) Rabi crop examples – Wheat, gram, pea, mustard and linseed.
4. Write a paragraph in your own words on each of the following.
| (a) Preparation of soil | (b) Sowing |
| (c) Weeding | (d) Threshing |
Answer –┬а
(a) Preparation of soil – The preparation of soil is the important and first step before growing a crop. In this step, to turn the soil and loosen it by dug up. The process of loosening and turning of the soil is called tilling or ploughing. This allows the roots to penetrate deep into the soil. Go deep into soil the roots of the plant helps them to breathe easily.
(b) Sowing – This is also an important step of the crop production. Sowing seeds in prepared soil is called sowing. Clean and healthy seeds of good quality are selected before sowing. Sowing is done by funnel tool or seed drill. Seeds are sown at proper distances so that they can get enough light, water and other nutrients.
(c) Weeding – The removal of weeds is called weeding.
Weeding is necessary since weeds compete with the crop plants for water, nutrients, space and light. Thus they affect the growth of the crop. Some weeds interfere even in harvesting and may be poisonous for animals and human beings.┬а
Many undesirable plants naturally grow along with the crops, which are called weeds.
(d) Threshing – In the harvested crop, the grain seeds need to be separated from the chaff. This process is called threshing.
Threshing is done by combine machine. A combine machine is a combination of harvester and thresher.
5. Explain how fertilisers are different from manure.
Answer –┬а
Difference between Fertiliser and Manure
| Fertiliser | Manure |
| A fertiliser is an inorganic salt. | Manure is a natural substance obtained by the decomposition of cattle dung, human waste and plant residues. |
| A fertiliser is prepared in factories. | Manure can be prepared in the field. |
| A fertiliser does not provide any humus to the sail. | Manure provides a lot of humus to the soil. |
| Fertilisers are very rich in plant nutrients like nitrogen, phosphrous and potassium. | Manure is relatively less rich in plan nutrients. |
6. What is irrigation? Describe two methods of irrigation which conserve water.
Answer –
Irrigation – The supply of water to crops at different intervals is called irrigation.
The time and frequency of irrigation varies from crop to crop. In summer, crops are given more water as more water is needed in summer.
We can conserve water by following methods:-
(i) Sprinkler System
- For flat land
- In a place where water content is less
In this system, rotating nozzles are attached directly to the upper ends of the pipes. All the pipes are connected to the main pipe at regular intervals. When water is allowed to flow into the main pipe, it travels through smaller pipes to reach the nozzle and exit. This sprinkler system looks like rain.
This type of spraying is very important for lawn, and coffee cultivation.
(ii) Drip System
In this system, water goes drop by drop directly to the roots of the plant. Hence this method is called a drip system.
This type of method is used in fruit plants, gardens and trees. This is the best method of irrigation, in which not even a drop of water is wasted.
7. If wheat is sown in the kharif season, what would happen? Discuss.
Answer – Wheat is a Rabi crop, it is grown in winter. Whereas Kharif crop is grown in the middle of June to September. ,
If wheat is grown in Kharif season, the crop will be destroyed due to abnormal climatic factors.
8. Explain how soil gets affected by the continuous plantation of crops in a field.
Answer – When crops are grown one after the other in the field, the soil fertility decreases. Therefore, in order to maintain the fertility of the soil, the field is left without growing anything for some time between two crops.
9. What are weeds? How can we control them?
Answer –
Many undesirable plants naturally grow along with the crops, which are called weeds.
Weeding – The removal of weeds is called weeding.
Protection from Weeds
Farmer removes weeds in many ways, some are as follows :-
- The manual removal includes physical removal of weeds by uprooting or cutting them close to the ground, from time to time.┬а
- The best time for the removal of weeds is before they produce flowers and seeds.
- To remove weeds, the help of Khurpi or seed drill.
- Weeds are also removed with the help of chemicals, of which 2, 4-D is the main weedicide.
10. Arrange the following boxes in proper order to make a flow chart of sugarcane crop production.
| Sending crop to sugar factory |
Irrigation | Harvesting | Sowing |
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| ┬а | |||
| Preparation of soil |
Ploughing the field |
Manuring |
| 5 | 6 | 7 |
Answer –┬а
| Preparation of soil |
Ploughing the field |
Sowing | Manuring |
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| ┬а | |||
| Irrigation | Harvesting | Sending crop to sugar factory |
| 5 | 6 | 7 |
11. Complete the following word puzzle with the help of clues given below.
Down
1. Providing water to the crops.
2. Keeping crop grains for a long time under proper conditions.
5. Certain plants of the same kind grown on a large scale.
Across
3. A machine used for cutting the matured crop.
4. A rabi crop that is also one of the pulses.
6. A process of separating the gain from chaff.
Answer –
