NCERT Solutions Class 8 Maths Chapter 12 Exponents and Powers | class 8th maths
NCERT Solutions Class 8 Maths Chapter 12 Exponents and Powers. class 8th maths. ncert class 8 Maths। class 8th maths Here We learn what is in ncert maths class 8 chapter 12 and how to solve questions with easiest method. In this chapter we solve the question of NCERT 8th class maths chapter 12. NCERT class 8 maths solutions Exponents and Powers are part of NCERT Solutions for class 8 maths chapter 12 solution PDF. Ncert solutions for class 8 chapter 12 with formula and solution. ncert class 8th maths
Ncert solutions for class 8 maths Here we solve class 8th maths ncert solutions chapter 12 Exponents and Powers concepts all questions with easy method with expert solutions. It help students in their study, home work and preparing for exam. Soon we provide NCERT Solutions Class 8 Maths Chapter 12 Exponents and Powers question and answers. Soon we provided ncert solutions for class 8th maths chapter 12 Exponents and Powers Exponents and Powers in free PDF here. ncert solutions for class 8 maths chapter 12 pdf will be provide soon. 8th class maths chapter 12 NCERT Solution and ncert solutions for class 8 maths chapter 12 pdf download book PDF. ncert class 8 Maths
NCERT Solutions Class 8 Maths chapter 12 Exponents and Powers
class 8th maths
NCERT Solutions Class 8 Maths Chapter 12 Exponents and Powers
class 8th maths
Ex 12.1
Exercise 12.1
1. Evaluate.
(i) 3−2 | (ii) (− 4)−2 | (iii) \(\displaystyle {{\left( {\frac{1}{2}} \right)}^{{-5}}}\) |
Solutions :
(i) 3−2
= \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{{{{3}^{2}}}}\) (∵ \(\displaystyle {{a}^{{-m}}}=\frac{1}{{{{a}^{m}}}}\) )
= \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{9}\)
(ii) (− 4)−2
= \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{{{{{(-4)}}^{{2}}}}}\) (∵ \(\displaystyle {{a}^{{-m}}}=\frac{1}{{{{a}^{m}}}}\) )
= \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{{16}}\)
(iii) \(\displaystyle {{\left( {\frac{1}{2}} \right)}^{{-5}}}\)
= (2)5 (∵ \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{{{{a}^{{-m}}}}}={{a}^{m}}\) )
= 32
2. Simplify and express the result in power notation with positive exponent.
(i) (− 4)5 ÷ (− 4)8 | (ii) \(\displaystyle {{\left( {\frac{1}{{{{2}^{3}}}}} \right)}^{2}}\) |
(iii) \(\displaystyle {{(-3)}^{4}}\times {{\left( {\frac{5}{3}} \right)}^{4}}\) | (iv) (3−7 ÷ 3-10) × 3−5 |
(v) 2−3 × (− 7)−3 |
Solutions :
(i) (− 4)5 ÷ (− 4)8
= \(\displaystyle \left( {\frac{{-{{4}^{5}}}}{{-{{4}^{8}}}}} \right)\) (∵ \(\displaystyle \frac{{{{a}^{m}}}}{{{{a}^{n}}}}={{a}^{{m-n}}}\) )
= \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{{{{{(-4)}}^{3}}}}\)
(ii) \(\displaystyle {{\left( {\frac{1}{{{{2}^{3}}}}} \right)}^{2}}\)
= \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{{{{{(2)}}^{{3\times 2}}}}}\) (∵ (am)n = amn)
= \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{{{{2}^{6}}}}\)
(iii) \(\displaystyle {{(-3)}^{4}}\times {{\left( {\frac{5}{3}} \right)}^{4}}\)
= \(\displaystyle {{\left\{ {\frac{{(-3)\times 5}}{3}} \right\}}^{4}}\) {∵ am × bm = (ab)m}
= 54
(iv) (3−7 ÷ 3−10) × 3−5
= \(\displaystyle \frac{{{{3}^{{-7}}}}}{{{{3}^{{-10}}}}}\times {{3}^{{-5}}}\)
= \(\displaystyle \frac{{{{3}^{{-7+(-5)}}}}}{{{{3}^{{-10}}}}}\) {∵ am × bm = (ab)m}
= \(\displaystyle \frac{{{{3}^{{-12}}}}}{{{{3}^{{-10}}}}}\)
= \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{{{{3}^{{-10-(-12)}}}}}\) {∵ \(\displaystyle \frac{{{{a}^{m}}}}{{{{a}^{n}}}}={{a}^{{m-n}}}\) )
= \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{{{{{(3)}}^{2}}}}\)
(v) 2−3 × (− 7)−3
= {2 × (− 7)}−3 {∵ am × bm = (ab)m}
= (− 14)−3
= \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{{{{{(-14)}}^{3}}}}\)
3. Find the value of.
(i) (30 + 4-1) × 22 | (ii) (2−1 × 4−1) ÷ 2−2 |
(iii) \(\displaystyle {{\left( {\frac{1}{2}} \right)}^{{-2}}}+{{\left( {\frac{1}{3}} \right)}^{{-2}}}+{{\left( {\frac{1}{4}} \right)}^{{-2}}}\) | (iv) (3−1 + 4−1 +5−1)0 |
(v) \(\displaystyle {{\left\{ {{{{\left( {\frac{{-2}}{3}} \right)}}^{{-2}}}} \right\}}^{2}}\) |
Solutions :
(i) (30 + 4−1) × 22
= \(\displaystyle \left( {1+\frac{1}{4}} \right)\times {{2}^{2}}\) {∵ a0 = 1}
= \(\displaystyle \left( {\frac{{4+1}}{4}} \right)\times {{2}^{2}}\)
= \(\displaystyle \frac{5}{{{{2}^{2}}}}\times {{2}^{2}}\)
= 5
(ii) (2−1 × 4−1) ÷ 2−2
= \(\displaystyle \left( {\frac{1}{2}\times \frac{1}{4}} \right)\div \frac{1}{{{{2}^{2}}}}\) (∵ \(\displaystyle {{a}^{{-m}}}=\frac{1}{{{{a}^{m}}}}\) )
= \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{8}\div \frac{1}{{{{2}^{2}}}}\)
= \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{{{{2}^{3}}}}\div \frac{1}{{{{2}^{2}}}}\)
= \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{{{{2}^{3}}}}\times {{2}^{2}}\)
= \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{{{{2}^{{3-2}}}}}\) {∵ \(\displaystyle \frac{{{{a}^{m}}}}{{{{a}^{n}}}}={{a}^{{m-n}}}\) }
= \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}\)
(iii) \(\displaystyle {{\left( {\frac{1}{2}} \right)}^{{-2}}}+{{\left( {\frac{1}{3}} \right)}^{{-2}}}+{{\left( {\frac{1}{4}} \right)}^{{-2}}}\)
= 22 + 32 + 42 {∵ \(\displaystyle {{a}^{{-m}}}=\frac{1}{{{{a}^{m}}}}\) }
= 4 + 9 + 16
= 29
(iv) (3−1 + 4−1 +5−1)0
= 1 {∵ a0 = 1}
(v) \(\displaystyle {{\left\{ {{{{\left( {\frac{{-2}}{3}} \right)}}^{{-2}}}} \right\}}^{2}}\)
= \(\displaystyle {{\left( {\frac{{-2}}{3}} \right)}^{{-2\times 2}}}\) (∵ (am)n = amn)
= \(\displaystyle {{\left( {\frac{{-2}}{3}} \right)}^{{-4}}}\) {∵ \(\displaystyle \frac{{{{a}^{m}}}}{{{{a}^{n}}}}={{a}^{{m-n}}}\) }
= \(\displaystyle {{\left( {\frac{3}{{-2}}} \right)}^{4}}\)
= \(\displaystyle \frac{{81}}{{16}}\)
4. Evaluate
(i) \(\displaystyle \frac{{{{8}^{{-1}}}\times {{5}^{3}}}}{{{{2}^{{-4}}}}}\)
(ii) (5−1 × 2−1) × 6−1
Solutions :
(i) \(\displaystyle \frac{{{{8}^{{-1}}}\times {{5}^{3}}}}{{{{2}^{{-4}}}}}\)
= \(\displaystyle \frac{{{{{\left( {{{2}^{3}}} \right)}}^{{-1}}}\times {{5}^{3}}}}{{{{2}^{{-4}}}}}\) (Taking the prime factors of all the numbers)
= \(\displaystyle \frac{{{{2}^{{3\times (-1)}}}\times {{5}^{3}}}}{{{{2}^{{-4}}}}}\) (∵ (am)n = amn)
= \(\displaystyle \frac{{{{2}^{{-3}}}\times {{5}^{3}}}}{{{{2}^{{-4}}}}}\)
= 2−3−(−4) × 53 {∵ \(\displaystyle \frac{{{{a}^{m}}}}{{{{a}^{n}}}}={{a}^{{m-n}}}\) }
= 2−3+4 × 53
= 2 × 53
= 250
(ii) (5−1 × 2−1) × 6−1
= \(\displaystyle \left( {\frac{1}{5}\times \frac{1}{2}} \right)\times \frac{1}{6}\)
= \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{{10}}\times \frac{1}{6}\)
= \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{{60}}\)
5. Find the value of m for which 5m ÷ 5−3 = 55
Solutions :
\(\displaystyle \frac{{{{5}^{m}}}}{{{{5}^{{-3}}}}}={{5}^{5}}\)
5m−(−3) = 55 {∵ \(\displaystyle \frac{{{{a}^{m}}}}{{{{a}^{n}}}}={{a}^{{m-n}}}\) }
5m+3 = 55 (because base is same)
m + 3 = 5
m = 5 − 3
m = 2
6. Evaluate
(i) \(\displaystyle {{\left\{ {{{{\left( {\frac{1}{3}} \right)}}^{{-1}}}-{{{\left( {\frac{1}{4}} \right)}}^{{-1}}}} \right\}}^{{-1}}}\)
(ii) \(\displaystyle {{\left( {\frac{5}{8}} \right)}^{{-7}}}\times {{\left( {\frac{8}{5}} \right)}^{{-4}}}\)
Solutions :
(i) \(\displaystyle {{\left\{ {{{{\left( {\frac{1}{3}} \right)}}^{{-1}}}-{{{\left( {\frac{1}{4}} \right)}}^{{-1}}}} \right\}}^{{-1}}}\)
= (3 − 4)−1 {∵ \(\displaystyle \frac{{{{a}^{m}}}}{{{{a}^{n}}}}={{a}^{{m-n}}}\) }
= (− 1)−1
= − 1
(ii) \(\displaystyle {{\left( {\frac{5}{8}} \right)}^{{-7}}}\times {{\left( {\frac{8}{5}} \right)}^{{-4}}}\)
= \(\displaystyle {{\left( {\frac{8}{5}} \right)}^{7}}\times {{\left( {\frac{8}{5}} \right)}^{{-4}}}\) {∵ \(\displaystyle \frac{{{{a}^{m}}}}{{{{a}^{n}}}}={{a}^{{m-n}}}\) }
= \(\displaystyle {{\left( {\frac{8}{5}} \right)}^{{7+(-4)}}}\)
= \(\displaystyle {{\left( {\frac{8}{5}} \right)}^{{7-4}}}\)
= \(\displaystyle {{\left( {\frac{8}{5}} \right)}^{3}}\)
= \(\displaystyle \frac{{512}}{{125}}\)
7. Simplify.
(i) \(\displaystyle \frac{{25\times {{t}^{{-4}}}}}{{{{5}^{{-3}}}\times 10\times {{t}^{{-8}}}}}\,\,\,(t\ne 0)\) | (ii) \(\displaystyle \frac{{{{3}^{{-5}}}\times {{{10}}^{{-5}}}\times 125}}{{{{5}^{{-7}}}\times {{6}^{{-5}}}}}\) |
Solutions : (ii) \(\displaystyle \frac{{{{3}^{{-5}}}\times {{{10}}^{{-5}}}\times 125}}{{{{5}^{{-7}}}\times {{6}^{{-5}}}}}\)
= \(\displaystyle \frac{{{{3}^{{-5}}}\times {{2}^{{-5}}}\times {{5}^{{-5}}}\times {{5}^{3}}}}{{{{5}^{{-7}}}\times {{2}^{{-5}}}\times {{3}^{{-5}}}}}\) (सभी संख्याओं के अभाज्य गुणनखंड लेने पर)
(i) \(\displaystyle \frac{{25\times {{t}^{{-4}}}}}{{{{5}^{{-3}}}\times 10\times {{t}^{{-8}}}}}\,\,\,(t\ne 0)\)
= \(\displaystyle \frac{{{{5}^{2}}\times {{t}^{{-4}}}}}{{{{5}^{{-3}}}\times 2\times 5\times {{t}^{{-8}}}}}\) (Taking the prime factors of all the numbers)
= \(\displaystyle \frac{{{{5}^{{2-(-3)-1}}}{{t}^{{-4-(-8)}}}}}{2}\) {∵ \(\displaystyle \frac{{{{a}^{m}}}}{{{{a}^{n}}}}={{a}^{{m-n}}}\) }
= \(\displaystyle \frac{{{{5}^{{2+3-1}}}\times {{t}^{{-4+8}}}}}{2}\)
= \(\displaystyle \frac{{{{5}^{4}}\times {{t}^{4}}}}{2}\)
= \(\displaystyle \frac{{625\times {{t}^{4}}}}{2}\)
= 3−5−(−5) × 2−5−(−5) × 53−5−(−7) {∵ \(\displaystyle \frac{{{{a}^{m}}}}{{{{a}^{n}}}}={{a}^{{m-n}}}\) }
= 3−5+5 × 2−5+5 × 510−5
= 30 × 20 × 55
= 1 × 1 × 55 {∵ a0 = 1}
= 55
NCERT Solutions Class 8 Maths Chapter 12 Exponents and Powers
class 8th maths
Ex 12.2
Excrcise 12.2
1. Express the following numbers in standard form.
(i) 0.0000000000085 | (ii) 0.00000000000942 |
(iii) 6020000000000000 | (iv) 0.00000000837 |
(v) 31860000000 |
Solutions :
(i) 0.0000000000085
= 8.5 × 10−12
(ii) 0.00000000000942
= 9.42 × 10−12
(iii) 6020000000000000
= 6.02 × 1015
(iv) 0.00000000837
= 8.37 × 10−9
(v) 31860000000
= 3.186 × 1010
2. Express the following numbers in usual form.
(i) 3.02 × 10−6 | (ii) 4.5 × 104 | (iii) 3 × 10−8 |
(iv) 1.0001 × 109 | (v) 5.8 × 1012 | (vi) 3.61492 × 106 |
Solutions :
(i) 3.02 × 10−6
= 0.00000302
(ii) 4.5 × 104
= 45000
(iii) 3 × 10−8
= 0.00000003
(iv) 1.0001 × 109
= 1000100000
(v) 5.8 × 1012
= 5800000000000
(vi) 3.61492 × 106
= 3614920
3. Express the number appearing in the following statements in standard form.
(i) 1 micron is equal to \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{{1000000}}\) m.
(ii) Charge of an electron is 0.000,000,000,000,000,000,16 coulomb.
(iii) Size of a bacteria is 0.0000005 m
(iv) Size of a plant cell is 0.00001275 m
(v) Thickness of a thick paper is 0.07 mm
Solutions :
(i) 1 micron is equal to \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{{1000000}}\) m.
= 1 × 10−6
(ii) Charge of an electron is 0.000,000,000,000,000,000,16 coulomb.
= 1.6 × 10−19
(iii) Size of a bacteria is 0.0000005 m
= 5 × 10−7
(iv) Size of a plant cell is 0.00001275 m
= 1.275 × 10−5
(v) Thickness of a thick paper is 0.07 mm
= 7 × 10−2
4. In a stack there are 5 books each of thickness 20mm and 5 paper sheets each of thickness 0.016 mm. What is the total thickness of the stack.
Solutions :
∵ Thickness of a book = 20 mm
∴ Thickness of five books = 20 × 5 = 100 mm
∵ Thickness of a paper sheet = 0.0016 mm
∴ Thickness of five paper sheets = 0.0016 × 5 = 0.0080 mm
The total thickness of the stack = Thickness of five books + Thickness of five paper sheets
= 100 + 0.0080
= 100.0080 mm
= 1.0008 × 102